In the Gujarati village of Vadnagar, Modi was born on September 17, 1950. His father was a street vendor, so he hails from a lowly background. Modi finished his elementary and secondary school at Vadnagar before finishing his higher education in Gujarat. He joined the RSS while he was young and began working there full-time in 1971.
Modi's political career started in the 1980s when he joined the BJP and swiftly advanced through the party's ranks. He was named Gujarat's Chief Minister in 2001, a position he maintained for 13 years. Modi undertook several social and economic development initiatives in Gujarat while serving as chief minister, which boosted the state's economy and raised the standard of living for its citizens.
Modi was chosen as India's prime minister in 2014 after the BJP won a majority in the Lok Sabha, the country's lower house of parliament. Since gaining power, Modi has concentrated on several important policy issues, such as national security, foreign policy, and economic growth. Additionally, he has been a strong proponent of clean energy and has introduced a number of initiatives to advance renewable energy in India.
Modi has been praised for adopting stern measures against bureaucracy and corruption; his leadership style is frequently described as decisive and autocratic. He is a charismatic leader who is also renowned for his effective communication skills.
Modi is renowned for his initiatives to strengthen ties with other countries, both near and far, and he has taken a number of actions to strengthen India's position on the international scene. He has also been an outspoken supporter of international cooperation on problems like terrorism and climate change.
Modi is still a well-liked leader in India and is regarded as one of the most powerful politicians there, despite the critiques of his administration. His detractors contend that he has been divisive and has neglected the needs of vulnerable populations, while his admirers praise him for taking courageous efforts to modernise and develop India.
Top 20 Achievements of BJP Government
1. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Campaign): The objective of this campaign, which was started in 2014, is to eradicate open defecation from India by October 2, 2019, the 150th anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi's birth. Over 110 million toilets have been built as a result of the effort across the nation, significantly reducing open defecation and enhancing sanitation in general.
2. Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (Prime Minister's People Money Scheme): This programme, which was introduced in 2014, sought to give every household in India access to a bank account and financial services. The scheme has resulted in the opening of more than 38 crore (380 million) bank accounts, with deposits totaling more than Rs 1.3 lakh crore (1300 billion) as of 2022.
3. Make in India: The 2014-launched project aims to grow the nation's manufacturing industry and draw in international capital. The effort has significantly increased foreign investment in the nation, contributed to increase employment, and sparked economic growth.
4. Digital India: This effort, which was started in 2015, intends to increase the efficiency and transparency of government while ensuring that all residents have access to digital services. The project has significantly increased internet usage in the nation and improved the way government services are provided.
5. Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (Prime Minister's Light Up Scheme):This programme, which was started in 2016, intends to give low-income households access to clean cooking fuel (LPG). The programme has delivered more than 8 crore (80 million) LPG connections as of 2022, significantly reducing indoor air pollution.
6. Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (Prime Minister's Life Insurance Scheme): This 2015-launched programme offers Rs 2 lakh (200,000) in life insurance coverage for just Rs 330 (3.3 USD) in yearly premium. More than 34 crore (340 million) people will have signed up for the programme by 2022.
7. Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (Prime Minister's Safe Insurance Scheme): This 2015-launched programme offers a personal accident insurance protection of Rs 2 lakh (200,000) for just Rs 12 (0.12 USD) in yearly premiums. More than 15 crore (150 million) people will have signed up for the programme by 2022.
8. Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (Prime Minister's Crop Insurance Scheme):This programme, which was started in 2016, intends to give farmers insurance protection against crop loss caused by natural disasters. More than 7 crore (70 million) farmers will have signed up for the programme by 2022.
9. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Prime Minister's Housing Scheme):This programme, which was introduced in 2015, aims to give the homeless and underprivileged access to affordable homes. By 2022, the programme will have built over 1 crore (10 million) homes.
10. Ayushman Bharat:The Ayushman Bharat scheme, which was introduced in 2018, is the largest publicly sponsored healthcare initiative in the world. More than 10.74 crore (107.4 million) poor and vulnerable families are to receive health coverage of up to 5 lakhs (500,000) per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalisation. Many people who otherwise could not afford it have benefited from being able to receive medical care thanks to it.
Top 10 Failures of Modi Government
1. Economic Slowdown: Recent years have seen a decline in the Indian economy, with GDP growth rates falling from about 8% in 2016 to about 4% in 2019. Demonetization, the introduction of the GST, and a lack of private investment are some of the explanations given for this.
2. Demonetization: In an effort to combat corruption and black money, the Modi government stated in November 2016 that the 500 and 1,000 rupee notes would be taken out of circulation. The relocation, however, caused extensive upheaval and economic dislocation, with numerous small businesses and farmers incurring significant losses.
3. Job Losses: In spite of the Modi administration's pledges to increase employment, India's jobless rate reached a 45-year high in 2019. The government's emphasis on automation and digitization, along with a lack of private investment, have been blamed for the lack of employment growth.
4. Agricultural distress: Farmers in India have recently faced a variety of difficulties, such as poor crop prices, high input costs, and a dearth of government assistance. Widespread demonstrations and requests for government involvement have resulted from this.
5. Lack of healthcare and education: Even after the implementation of programmes like Ayushman Bharat and the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, India's healthcare and education system is still in disrepair. Basic healthcare services are still lacking in many rural regions, and public school education is still of poor quality.
6. Lack of investment in infrastructure:India's infrastructure, which includes subpar roads, ports, airports, and electrical facilities, is still insufficient. The absence of adequate infrastructure has been a significant barrier to economic expansion and development.
7. Rising inequality:The gap between the rich and poor in India has widened despite the Modi government's pledges to close it. This has been attributed to a lack of government assistance for underprivileged and disadvantaged groups.
8. Environmental degradation: The Modi administration's emphasis on economic growth has resulted in extensive environmental degradation, with air and water pollution in several regions of the nation reaching unsafe levels. The government has come under fire for not taking more action to resolve these problems.
9. Foreign policy issues: The Modi administration's foreign policy has come under fire for how it has handled relations with nearby nations, particularly Pakistan and China. The situation in Jammu and Kashmir is still tense, and tensions between India and Pakistan have increased recently.
10. Lack of action on corruption: Despite the Modi administration's pledges to combat corruption, there haven't been many notable steps made in that direction. The government has been under fire for failing to take enough action to address the issue of high-profile corruption cases that have not been given adequate investigation.
Economic Recession: The Indian economy has been significantly impacted by the global economic slowdown. The demand for Indian exports has decreased as growth rates in major economies like the United States and China have slowed. This has resulted in a dip in foreign investment and job losses.
Top 10 Global Problem Impacts on Indian Economy
1. The COVID-19 Pandemic: The Indian economy has been severely impacted by the COVID-19 outbreak. Lockdowns and social isolation policies implemented to stop the virus's spread have resulted in significant job losses and a drop in economic activity. Additionally, the epidemic has caused a substantial decline in consumer demand, which has exacerbated the current economic crisis.
2. Trade Tensions: The continuous trade disputes between powerful nations like the United States and China have hurt the Indian economy. Tariffs and other trade restrictions have decreased exports and foreign investment while upsetting international supply chains.
3. Rising Oil Prices:The Indian economy has been significantly impacted by the growing price of oil. India is a major importer of oil, making it one of the countries most susceptible to changes in the price of crude internationally. Rising inflation rates and a slowdown in economic growth are results of rising oil costs.
4. Climate Change: The Indian economy has been significantly impacted by climate change, particularly in the agriculture and fishing industries. Due to crop failures brought on by droughts, floods, and other harsh weather conditions, there are now food shortages and soaring food prices.
5. Political Instability:The Indian economy has suffered as a result of political unrest in other nations. For instance, the prolonged fighting in the Middle East has caused a drop in oil production and an increase in oil prices. Similar to how political unrest in other nations has decreased travel and foreign investment.
6. Cyber security Risks: The Indian economy has been significantly impacted by the growing threat of cyberattacks. Businesses have suffered financial losses as a result of cybercrime and data breaches that resulted in the loss of private information. Due to this, security measures and prices have escalated, hampering the economy.
7. Demographic Changes: The Indian economy has suffered as a result of demographic trends such an older population and lower birth rates in affluent nations. Demand for Indian goods and services is projected to fall as these nations' labour force sizes shrink.
8. Migration: The Indian economy has been significantly impacted by the widespread migration of people from underdeveloped to wealthy nations. The productivity and economic growth have fallen as a result of the emigration of talented workers to other nations.
9. Natural Disasters: The Indian economy has been significantly impacted by natural calamities like earthquakes, tsunamis, and floods. These incidents have disrupted economic activity and caused significant destruction of homes and infrastructure. Rebuilding and rehabilitation need a large budgetary commitment from the government, taking funds away from other development initiatives.
In conclusion, a variety of global issues, including the downturn in the global economy, trade disputes, rising oil prices, climate change, political unrest, dangers associated with cyber security, demographic shifts, migration, and natural catastrophes, have an impact on the Indian economy. To address these issues and lessen their negative effects on the Indian economy, the public and private sectors must work together strategically.